Signal processing in the retina: Improving our understanding of the complex processes involved in vision
Every day, we encounter a wide range of visual stimuli from our environment, and complex signal processing is vital for us to perceive our environment in the best possible way. A major part of this processing happens in the retina. Our group focuses on conducting research into the complex steps involved in signal processing using various signal pathways in the retina. In collaboration with the Chair of Animal Physiology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, we have investigated the significance of individual proteins for signal processing in the retina using animal models.
Development of new stimulation techniques
The current state of the art for investigating the function of the retina in basic research and clinical application is based on relatively simple light stimuli that can only give a partial picture of the complexity of natural vision processes. Our group aims to develop new stimulation methods that more closely resemble the light stimuli we encounter in our everyday lives. The measured retinal responses to these visual stimuli reflect the complex steps involved in signal processing in the retina.
Retinal function in disease and research into new therapies
A further aspect, on which our group focuses, is carrying out research into the function of damaged retinas. In collaboration with research groups in Paris, France, Budapest, Hungary, and Sao Paolo, Brazil, we are studying the effect of duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) on the retinae of patients and in animal models. Although the disease predominantly leads to severe motoric deficits, patients also suffer from a wide range of other symptoms. Although the disease was first described in the 19th century, there is no cure available. One aim of our study is to investigate the impact the various dystrophin proteins on the function of the retina. One or more dystrophins are lacking in the case of DMD. We are also looking into new approaches for treatment. Our method of electrophysiology seems to be promising, as the retina appears to be very sensitive to changes in dystrophin protein content.
Measurements of white noise
One of our key research priorities is to test new stimuli that are closer to natural conditions than the flashes that are currently conventionally used. We are currently carrying out research into the retina’s response to white noise stimuli. White noise is comparable, for example, with a walk in the woods on a sunny day, the dappled light and the constant changes between light and shade mean that the brightness in the environment is constantly shifting. White noise involves gradual brightness changes, unlike the unnatural abrupt changes that are involved with bright flashes.